Heart-shaped like a wedge and a chemical plant on the human body. The liver is a complex organ that perform various vital functions, from managing levels of chemicals in the body to produce blood clotting substances. Gallbladder is shaped like a pear and a storage place of bile (digestive fluid produced by the liver).

HEART

Liver is an organ of the greatest and most complex. One of its main function is to destroy the harmful substances are absorbed from the intestine or manufactured in other body parts, then throw it away as a harmless substance into the bile or blood. These substances in the bile into the intestine and then excreted through the feces. Substances in the blood is filtered by the kidneys and excreted in the urine.

The liver produces about half the cholesterol of the body, the rest comes from food. Approximately 80% of cholesterol made ​​in the liver is used to make bile. Cholesterol is an essential part of every cell membrane and is required to make certain hormones (including estrogen, testosterone and adrenal hormones).

Liver is also changing substances in food into proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Sugar is stored in the liver as glycogen and then broken down and released into the bloodstream as glucose, according to the needs of the body (for example when blood sugar levels are too low).

Another function of the liver is to make many important compounds, especially proteins, the body uses to perform its functions. One of the compounds produced, is required in the process of blood clotting when there is bleeding. These compounds are known as clotting factors.

Liver receives blood from the intestines and heart. Small blood vessels (capillaries) in the intestinal wall into the blood stream in the portal vein, which will go into his heart. Furthermore, blood flow through small ducts in the liver, where nutrients are digested and processed a variety of harmful substances. Hepatic artery carries blood from heart to heart. This blood carries oxygen to the heart tissue, cholesterol and other substances. Blood from the intestines and the heart then mixed and flows back into the heart via the hepatic vein.

Abnormalities of liver function can be classified into two main groups:

• Disorder caused by impaired function of cells in the liver (eg cirrhosis or hepatitis)
• Abnormalities caused by the blockage of the flow of bile from the liver through the bile ducts (eg gallstones or cancer).

Gall Bladder

Gallbladder is a small muscular pouch that serves to store bile (a greenish yellow digestive fluid produced by the liver). Bile flow from the liver through the ductus hepatikus left and right, and both are joined to form the main duct hepatikus. Hepatikus duct joins the main channel originating from the gallbladder (cystic duct) form the main bile duct. The main bile duct into the upper intestine at the sphincter of Oddi, which is located a few centimeters below the hull.

Approximately half of the bile removed between the hours eating and flowed through the cystic duct into the gallbladder. The rest flows directly into the main bile duct, leading to the small intestine. If we eat, the gallbladder will contract and empty the bile into the intestine to aid digestion of fats and certain vitamins.

Bile consists of:
– Bile salts
– electrolyte
– Bile pigments (eg bilirubin)
– cholesterol
– Fat.

The function of bile is to dispose of body wastes (particularly pigment breakdown products of red blood cells and excess cholesterol) and assist digestion and absorption of fat.

Bile salts led to increased solubility of cholesterol, fat and fat-soluble vitamins, which helps absorption from the gut. Hemoglobin derived from red blood cell destruction is converted to bilirubin (the main pigment in bile) and thrown into the bile. Various proteins that play an important role in the function of bile is also secreted in bile.

Gallbladder stones may obstruct the flow of bile from the gallbladder, and cause pain (biliary colic) or inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis). Stone can also move from the gallbladder into the bile duct, causing jaundice (jaundice) due to blocking the normal flow of bile into the intestine. Blockage of bile flow can also occur because of the tumor.