‘Animal Farm’ written by George Orwell could be enjoyed by people of different age groups. However, the level of understanding depends on the reader’s level of education.       ‘Animal Farm’ could be understood as a farmyard story. The story is about a farm of animals that rebelled against their human keepers after exploiting them and not taking appropriate care of them. They managed to drive away the humans and took command of the farm themselves. However, things complicated once more when the pigs started to take over the leadership and exploit the other animals just like humans had done. Napoleon, the most ambitious of all the pigs and leader of the farm, killed a lot of animals in order to keep control. The pigs started treating the animals so badly, that the state of affairs was even worse than under human control. However, the other animals could not find ways how to live a better life especially after the death of the strongest animal of the farm, Boxer. Due to the simple plot and choice of words, this level could be understood even by a ten-year-old.

          Orwell, however, wanted ‘Animal Farm’ to be understood as an attack over communism which he believed was even worse than the Russian Monarchy. In fact, in ‘Animal Farm’ the story is about animals, symbolizing the Russian citizens, who thought they would live a better life by overthrowing the humans, symbolized by the Russian Monarchy. However, the situation soon degraded with the pigs, representing the Communists, who after taking over the farm – Russia, caused the country’s situation to degrade. Orwell uses Napoleon’s character to show the reader how cruel and greedy Stalin was. Just like Stalin, Napoleon orders the killing of a lot of innocent animals whom he considered dangerous to his stability as ruler. In ‘Animal Farm’, Orwell manages to merge an attack on Communism with a farmyard story, creating a unique allegory with a meaning.

          ‘Animal Farm’ is also an attack on political systems. Orwell considered both left and right political extremes as being wrong. Mr. Jones and his family, who resemble the Russian Monarchy, and the pigs, which resemble the Russian Communist Party both, ruled by using bad politics and this resulted in the exploitation of the animals, who resemble the Russian citizens. Communism, Fascism and other ‘isms’ can be summed up as totalitarianism. The latter holds full control of its people suppressing all opposing views. In fact, Napoleon expelled Snowball so that he could rule without anyone opposing his ideas just like Stalin did with Trotsky. Orwell suggests that there will always be others like Stalin, unless we learn the lesson ‘Animal Farm’ is trying to teach. Using this unique farmyard story, Orwell shows his dislike to all political systems which he considers as fraud.