CAUSE
Dyspareunia can occur in men, although rarely. Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland) or the use of certain antidepressants (eg amoksapin, imipramine and klomipramin) can cause pain in men when reaching orgasm.

Dyspareunia are more common in women. Pain may occur during first sexual intercourse or a year later. The causes can be physical factors and psychological factors.

Which belong to the physical factors are:

1. In a woman who has never had sexual intercourse, a fold of membrane (hymen, the hymen) can close the entrance to the vagina, partially or entirely.Penetration by the penis of the first sexual intercourse hymen can tear it and cause pain.
2. Blisters in the pubic area and less vaginal lubrication (usually due to a lack of foreplay).
3. Infection or inflammation of the glands in the pubic area (Bartholin glands or Skene’s glands).
4. Condoms or a diaphragm that is not installed correctly or an allergic reaction to contraceptive foams or jellies.
5. Congenital abnormalities, such as a rigid hymen or the formation of abnormal vaginal wall.
6. Estrogen deficiency, which usually occurs after menopause, causing dryness and thinning of the vaginal wall.
7. Surgery to repair the torn tissue after delivery or other surgery that causes narrowing of the vagina.
8. Inflammation and infection of the vagina (vaginitis).
9. Infection of the cervix, uterus or fallopian tubes.
10. Endometriosis.
11. Pelvic tumors.
12. Adhesions (fibrous tissue) that forms after pelvic disease or surgery.
13. Radiasai therapy for cancer can cause changes in the network.

While psychological factors that could be the cause of this disorder are:
- Anxiety and fear of sexual relationships
- Feelings of anger or disgust toward sex partners.

SYMPTOMS
Pain in the genitals or pain in the pelvis that occurs during sexual intercourse.

Diagnosis
A complete history and pelvic examination can help determine whether the cause is a physical problem or psychological problem. It is important to not have sexual intercourse during this problem remains unsolved. But sexual activity that does not involve penetration of the vagina can be continued.

TREATMENT
Topical anesthetic can reduce pain. Pain and muscle spasms can be prevented by applying a lubricant as much as possible before sexual intercourse. Better to use a lubricant with solvent water, because the lubricating oil with solvents tend to make vagian dry and can also damage condoms and diaphragms.

Longer foreplay (warm-up prior to sexual intercourse) can increase vaginal secretions. Women who had entered menopause can use estrogen cream or estrogen pills to increase vaginal lubrication and overcome the effects of thinning of the vaginal wall. Infection and inflammation of the vagina treated with appropriate medication. If vulvar swelling and pain, can be compressed with bandages that have been moistened with a solution of aluminum acetate.

Surgery may be required to:
- Lift the cyst or abscess,
- Open a rigid hymen
- Correct anatomical abnormalities.

Diaphragm is no longer appropriate may need replacement type, brand or size, or to try other methods of contraception. Sometimes given sedatives or tranquilizers.