British medium tanks of the First World War.
Trying to fix the flawed design Mk.A. Englishmen in 1918 constructed two new versions of a medium tank – Mk.V. and Mk.S. Successful as they may not be called. These machines are in general repeated his predecessor. Tanks “grown up”, but still maintained a rigid suspension. Following the tradition of the British tank, they kept the form of heavy vehicles with caterpillar tracks, covering the body. The layout of the tank has changed. Felling and the engine (now a 100-hp) swapped. Armament on both tanks housed in the tower in the ball mount with limited angles of fire. Besides the four machine guns in the cockpit, two machine guns in Mk.V. placed in the side sponsons, making fighting compartment even closer. Mk.V. peretyazhelennym turned out for the average tank. As the engine power was inadequate for the 18-ton machine, its speed was even lower than that Mk.A. – Less than 10 km / h. At Mk.V. establish a novelty – the equipment for creating smoke screens.
Medium Tank Mk.V <br> Combat weight – 18 tons Crew – 4-5 people. Armament – six guns. Thickness of armor – 14 mm forehead and the side hull. Engine “Ricardo” – 100 hp. pp. Speed on the highway – 9,6 km / h. Cruising on the highway – 105 km.
Medium Tank Mk.V
Combat weight – 18 tons Crew – 4-5 people. Armament – six guns. Thickness of armor – 14 mm forehead and the side hull. Engine “Ricardo” – 100 hp. pp. Speed on the highway – 9,6
Mk.S. proved to be even harder – 19,5 tons, but thanks to the powerful 150-horsepower engine speeds up to 13 km / h. The crew consisted of 4 persons. Armament Variant “female” consisted of four machine guns, and unlike Mk.V. placed only in the wheelhouse. The “male” with a 57-mm gun and three machine guns remained unfulfilled. The thickness of armor on the tanks did not exceed 15 mm.
The latest example of a medium tank, which the British created before the end of the war, was Mk.D. Another sign of a tank – Mk-I (not to be confused with a heavy!). It had a revolving turret, low body and was the first tank, with “knowing how” to swim. On the water tank was kept at the expense of housing and moved at a speed of 5 km / h. Moving through the water was carried out by rewinding the tracks with the tracks of the original oval shape, which were attached to the cable through the middle part (”serpentine track”). If the mass of 13,5 tons tank could develop due to an engine capacity of 240 liters. pp. high enough for that time, the speed – up to 43 km / h. Mk.D. had a crew of four tankers and was armed with three guns. Total before the end of the war produced 4 tanks.
The British command was planning to release 6,000 medium tanks, but after the war, an order greatly reduced, and the only result was released in 1936 Mk.S. 200 ordered and 45 Mk.V. 450. The latter continued to serve in the British Army until 1925. Among procured by Japan in the early 1920’s to test tanks were several Mk.V.. A small number Mk.V. in operational condition of the Latvian army.
Captured tanks Mk.A. used by the German army. The tanks Mk.A. and Mk.V. happened to war in Russia during the civil war in the ranks of the White Army and interventionists. Distributed they were as follows. 3 tanks Mk.V., including two British and one Russian – № 1613, were part of the Northern Army. One of them was captured by the Red Army in 1920 in Arkhangelsk.
The army of General Denikin had 2 tanks of the detachment, 2 nd and 4 th, fully staffed Mk.A. 2-nd team included tanks “Tiger”, “Stepniak,” “Sphinx” and “Crocodile” (later “Siberian”). 4-th unit consisted of tanks, “General Wrangel,” Sadko, “General Skin” and “Uralets. Two Mk.A. participated in the storming of Tsaritsyn.
At the end of the Civil War “Whippet” went to the Red Army. Under the name “Taylor” (the type of engines installed) 12 Mk.A. operated in the USSR until the early 30’s.
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