CAUSE
The cause is unknown, although several studies have shown an association between high-fat diets and increased levels of testosterone. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in men and no 3 is the leading cause of cancer kematin in men over 74 years. Prostate cancer is rarely found in men aged less than 40 years.

Men who are at higher risk for prostate cancer is a black man aged over 60 years, farmer, painter and cadmium exposure. The lowest incidence was found in Japanese men and vegetarians.

Prostate cancers are grouped into:

• Stage A: lump / tumor can not be palpated on physical examination, usually discovered by accident after prostate surgery because of other diseases.
• Stage B: tumor confined to the prostate and is usually found on physical examination or PSA test.
• Stage C: tumor has spread beyond the prostate capsule, but not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
• Stage D: cancer has spread (metastasis) to the regional lymph nodes or other body parts (eg bones and lungs).

SYMPTOMS
Prostate cancer usually develops slowly and causes no symptoms until the cancer has reached an advanced stage. Sometimes the symptoms resemble BPH, which include difficulty in urination and frequent urination. These symptoms occur because the cancer causing partial blockage of the flow of urine through the urethra.

Prostate cancer can cause red urine (because it contains blood) or urine caused the sudden arrest. In some cases, newly diagnosed prostate cancer after spread to the bones (particularly the pelvic bones, ribs and spine) or to the kidneys (causing kidney failure). Painful bone cancer and brittle bones become so easy to experience a fracture (broken bone).

Once the cancer spreads, usually the patient will develop anemia. Prostate cancer can also spread to the brain and cause seizures and mental or other neurological symptoms.

Other symptoms are:

• Immediately after urination, the urine is usually still dripping
• Pain when urinating
• Pain when ejaculating
• Lower back pain
• Pain when defecating
• Nocturia (urination at night)
• Incontinence uri
• Bone pain or bone pain when pressed
• Hematuria (blood in urine)
• Abdominal pain
• Weight loss.

Diagnosis
The best way to screen for prostate cancer are digital rectal examination and blood tests. Digital rectal prostate cancer patients would indicate a hard lump of irregular shape. Blood tests performed on measured levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), which is usually elevated in patients with prostate cancer, but also may increase (not too high) in patients with BPH.

If the digital rectal examination found a lump, then performed an ultrasound examination. By doing skening X-rays or bone, can be known of the spread of cancer to bone.

Other tests are commonly performed: