• Message: The basic need of communication is that there is a message. If there is no message, why would anyone or anything want to communicate?
• Sender: There has to be a sender who wants to get the message across to someone else. It is the sender’s sole responsibility to make the right decision of the choice of medium, language, etc, to ensure message reaches without getting tampered.
• Receiver: There has to be an audience to receive the message. Even if the other person may not be of the same type, there has to be a second entity for completing the process.
• Encryption: The sender has to encrypt the message in proper form for sending it across. In humans, this encryption is in the form of thousands of languages. However, we also encrypt through facial expressions and body language, at times without our knowledge. In animals, they come as either body language, reactions or as grunts, growls and calls, which is language of their own.
• Medium: There has to be a medium which can carry the message from the sender to the receiver. Earlier only air, water and solids with physical contact were considered to be media of transfer. Nowadays, in digital age, radio waves, cables, networks, electronic or optical fiber cables carrying information and even lasers are considered as media of conveying the information.
• Decryption: The receiver should be able to decrypt the message. This is purely receiver’s responsibility to encrypt properly so that deciphering is easy. If someone only understands only English, what is the point in talking to him in Chinese or Hindi? The sender should arrange for a proper translator.

The aforementioned points are parts of communication process in the following flow:

Sender -> Message -> Encryption -> Medium -> Decryption -> Receiver

However, there are other entities that affect the communication process.

• Disturbance: There would be noise in the form of electrical pulse, magnetic flux, connectivity problems, etc, in digital age communication. When disturbance is present, the sender should ideally cut the call and call back again.
• Feedback: So far, it was communication process, which is one way from sender to receiver. However, the cycle will be complete only when the receiver sends his responses back to the sender in the form of feedback.