Types of Radiation

Particuleleα - The experimental studies showed that alpha rays consist of positively charged particles that have proven to be fast-moving nuclei of He. Most natural radioactive nuclides emitradiatii alpha. Most alpha particles will consume their entire energy to the passage of a simple sheet of paper. Alpha particles are hazardous only if they are produced by the decay of a parent compound built by ingestion, inhalation or dermal absorption through skin damaged.
Dezintegrareaβ - represents an electron from nuclear (rather than orbital origin) with a negative charge. It occurs when a neutron is transformed into a proton.
Disintegration β + - reprezintao particle mass equal but opposite charge of the electron. This particle is produced when a proton decays into a neutron, a positron and a neutrino. Positron is annihilated when it collides with an electron. Therefore has a short half-life, and the mass of two electrons is converted into electromagnetic energy. This is called annihilation radiation, issued as two photons or γ radiation.

Γ rays - electromagnetic energy is massless and content produced by nuclear disintegration. Have high penetration in tissues, because higher speed and energy.

Concepts

Biological injury - rupture of covalent bonds, the formation of free radicals , free radicals interact to form new molecules with potential lesion.Interaction of free radicals with oxygen to form hydroxyl radicals are highly reactive. Cells with high oxygen content are more sensitive to gamma radiation.

Radiation damage - the heart is the seat of this injury, damage DNA site leading to cellular dysfunction. Younger patients are more susceptible because the cells divide more rapidly, the need is greater, and radioactive substances can be easily incorporated. This is especially true for iodine and thyroid .

Radiation - is the type of radiation exposure. For example, X-rays can pass through or can irradiate a patient, but not make it radioactive, because tissue unstable molecules are not incorporated.