One any topic there is a spectrum between belief and skepticism. This applies to science, religion, politics or anything else.
At one end is the gullible believer and at the opposite end total skeptic, between them is a wide range of positions that can be summed up in seven broad categories. In many ways gullible believers and total skeptics are actually opposite sides of the same coin. They have more in common than either side is likely to admit. Both tend to accept the claims of their side without question and both are equally closed-minded to the other side.
The spectrum as follows:
- Gullible believer. The gullible believer will believe any claim that seems to support their belief in the topic with no critical thought . They usually fail to consider mistakes, hoaxer and charlatans. They are also closed-minded to any arguments from the other side.
- Open-minded believer. The open-minded believer may still strongly believe in the topic, but shows critical thinking about claims that seems to support that belief. They realize that there are mistakes, hoaxer and charlatans. They will also consider the arguments from the other side.
- Semi-believer. The semi-believer only weakly believes the topic and can easily be persuaded to switch sides. In fact they may do so every time they see a presentation from the other side.
- No position. This position is often mistaken for objectivity, but it is mainly a position of ignorance, since most people take some position on a topic once they learn something.
- Semi-skeptic. The semi-skeptic only weakly skeptical about the topic and can easily be persuaded to switch sides. In fact they may do so every time they see a presentation from the other side.
- Open-minded skeptic. The open-minded skeptic may still be strongly skeptical on the topic, but shows critical thinking to claim that seems to support their skepticism. They will also consider the arguments from the other side.
- Total skeptic. The total skeptic will often show no critical thought any claim that seems to support their view of the topic. They are also closed-minded to any arguments from the other side and as a result they will often seek any excuse for denying any evidence put forth in support of the topic. They tend to focus on the mistakes, hoaxer and charlatans on the other side.